Table 2 Comparative demography between three individual extreme brachycephalic breed types (Bulldog, French Bulldog, Pug) and three other breed types (moderate brachycephalic: Yorkshire Terrier, non-brachycephalic: Border Terrier, West Highland White Terrier) of dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England (200 dogs of each breed type)

Sex/neuter

Female entire

80 (40.4)

83 (42.6)

73 (37.1)

52 (26.0)

51 (25.5)

57 (28.5)

<0.001

Female neutered

15 (7.6)

11 (5.6)

17 (8.6)

36 (18.0)

43 (21.5)

36 (18.0)

Male entire

87 (43.9)

94 (48.2)

88 (44.7)

74 (37.0)

66 (33.0)

71 (35.5)

Male neutered

16 (8.1)

7 (3.6)

19 (9.6)

38 (19.0)

40 (20.0)

36 (18.0)

Insured

Insured

49 (24.5)

20 (10.0)

34 (17.0)

53 (26.5)

60 (30.0)

46 (23.0)

<0.001

Not insured

151 (75.5)

180 (90.0)

166 (83.0)

147 (73.5)

140 (70.0)

154 (77.0)

Bodyweight: Median (IQR^a, range)

27.7 (23.6–31.0, 11.4–41.0)

12.2 (11.0–14.0, 1.6–19.0)

8.9 (8.0–10.2, 4.9–14.1)

10.0 (8.6–11.2, 4.0–20.7)

9.5 (8.3–11.0, 5.8–14.2)

4.75 (3.4–6.0, 1.5–11.2)

<0.001

Age (years) at final EPR^b: Median (IQR^a, range)

2.0 (0.6–4.2, 0.0–14.0)

1.2 (0.4–2.5, 0.0–13.0)

2.0 (0.4–3.8, 0.0–13.0)

5.2 (2.3–9.1, 0.0–18.2)

6.9 (3.4–10.6, 0.2–17.9)

5.3 (2.0–10.3, 0.0–17.0)

<0.001

Time in study (years): Median (IQR^a, range)

0.2 (0.0–1.2, 0.0–4.0)

0.2 (0.0–0.9, 0.0–3.2)

0.2 (0.0–1.2, 0.0–4.3)

1.0 (0.0–2.4, 0.0–4.6)

1.0 (0.0–2.5, 0.0–5.0)

0.8 (0.0–2.2, 0.0–4.6)

<0.001