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Table 4 Risk factors (signalment and physical factors) for intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) from univariable analysis (SD = standard deviation, OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval)

From: DachsLife 2015: an investigation of lifestyle associations with the risk of intervertebral disc disease in Dachshunds

Variable

Category

Case

Non-Case

OR

95 % CI

p

Age (continuous)

Mean ± SD

96.50 ± 33.89

50.6 ± 38.1

1.03

1.02–1.03

<0.001

Age (categorical)

0–2 years

1 (0.2 %)

497 (99.8 %)

1 (base)

  

2–4 years

18 (3.9 %)

443 (96.1 %)

20.19

2.69–151.89

0.004

4–6 years

50 (13.6 %)

318 (86.4 %)

78.15

10.74–568.51

<0.001

6–8 years

99 (33.0 %)

201 (67.0 %)

244.79

33.91–1767.01

<0.001

8–10 years

75 (41.9 %)

104 (58.1 %)

358.41

49.28–2607.02

<0.001

>10 years

67 (39.6 %)

102 (60.4 %)

326.46

44.81–2378.69

<0.001

Neuter status

Neutered

231 (20.9 %)

874 (79.1 %)

1 (base)

  

Entire

79 (9.1 %)

791 (90.9 %)

0.38

0.29–0.50

<0.001

Sex

Male

154 (15.2 %)

861 (84.8 %)

1 (base)

  

Female

156 (16.3 %)

804 (83.8 %)

1.09

0.85–1.38

0.511

Bodyweight (continuous)

Mean ± SD

7.14 ± 3.23

7.32 ± 3.47

0.98

0.95–1.02

0.399

BCS

5

1 (10.0 %)

9 (90.0 %)

1 (base)

 

0.681

4

26 (19.7 %)

106 (80.3 %)

2.21

0.27–18.21

0.462

3

244 (15.4 %)

1341 (84.6 %)

1.64

0.21–12.98

0.641

2

28 (15.9 %)

148 (84.1 %)

1.70

0.21–13.98

0.620

1

11 (18.6 %)

48 (81.4 %)

2.06

0.24–18.02

0.513

BLHW (categories)

<1.5

95 (14.2 %)

575 (85.8 %)

1 (base)

 

0.744

1.5–1.7

76 (15.6 %)

412 (84.4 %)

1.12

0.81–1.55

0.509

1.7–1.9

49 (16.8 %)

242 (83.2 %)

1.23

0.84–1.79

0.289

>1.9

59 (15.6 %)

319 (84.4 %)

1.12

0.79–1.59

0.530

TLHW (categories)

<1.8

73 (17.9 %)

334 (82.1 %)

1 (base)

 

0.223

1.8–2.0

91 (13.3 %)

594 (86.7 %)

0.70

0.50–0.98

0.038

2.0–2.2

58 (15.7 %)

312 (84.3 %)

0.85

0.58–1.24

0.401

>2.2

57 (15.6 %)

308 (84.4 %)

0.85

0.58–1.24

0.390