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Table 1 Breeds used in the study, categorized according to genetic cluster. Each group was represented by 10 dogs

From: Polymorphisms in the canine monoamine oxidase a (MAOA) gene: identification and variation among five broad dog breed groups

Genetic Cluster

Breeds

Ancient

Akita, Alaskan Malamute (x2), Basenji (x2), Samoyed (x2), Siberian Husky (x3)

Herding

Australian Shepherd Dog, Belgian Malinois, Belgian Tervuren, Border Collie, Cardigan Welsh Corgi, Great Dane, Greyhound, Irish Wolfhound, Rough Collie, Shetland Sheepdog

Mastiff

American Staffordshire Terrier, Boxer, Bulldog, English Mastiff, Labrador Retriever (x2), Newfoundland, Pembroke Welsh Corgi, Pitbull Terrier, Yorkshire Terrier

Modern European

Beauceron, Catahoula, Cocker Spaniel, Dalmatian, Doberman Pinscher (x2), German Short Haired Pointer, Golden Retriever, Shih Tzu, Toy Poodle

Mountain

German Shepherd (x3), Italian Greyhound, Miniature Pinscher, Rhodesian Ridgeback, Rottweiler, Standard Poodle, St. Bernard, Bernese Mountain Dog