Table 1 Diagnostics and management techniques for dogs diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
From: Diabetes mellitus in dogs attending UK primary-care practices: frequency, risk factors and survival
Number of cases (%) (n = 409) | |
|---|---|
Diagnostic procedures (multiple tests allowed per dog) | |
Urinalysis | 310 (75.8%) |
Blood Glucose (BG) | 356 (87.0%) |
Fructosamine | 169 (41.3%) |
Blood (unspecified) | 330 (80.7%) |
Othera | 36 (8.8%) |
Diagnostic tests not recorded | 17 (4.2%) |
Blood glucose level at diagnosis | |
Median (range) mmol/L | 28.1 (12.2–51.7) |
< 20 mmol/L | 34 (8.3%) |
20 to < 30 mmol/L | 108 (26.4%) |
30 to < 40 mmol/L | 83 (20.3%) |
> 40 mmol/L | 23 (5.6%) |
Level unrecorded | 161 (39.4%) |
Ketotic at diagnosis | |
Ketotic | 134 (32.8%) |
Not ketotic | 263 (43.8%) |
No record of assessing ketones | 96 (23.5%) |
Insulin treatment | |
Dog started on insulin | 362 (88.5%) |
Dog not started on insulinb | 40 (9.8%) |
Insulin treatment unknown | 7 (1.7%) |
Insulin regime | |
Once a day | 67 (16.4%) |
Twice a day | 224 (54.8%) |
> 2x daily injections | 24 (5.9%) |
Constant Rate Infusion | 13 (3.2%) |
Unable to determine initial insulin regime | 81 (19.8%) |
Cataracts present | |
Cataracts diagnosed | 134 (32.8%) |
Not recorded | 275 (67.2%) |
Hospitalised at diagnosis | |
Dog hospitalised | 66 (16.1%) |
No evidence of hospitalisation | 343 (83.9%) |
Number of days hospitalised | |
Median (range) | 0 (0–12) |
0 days | 343 (83.9%) |
1–3 days | 49 (12.0%) |
4+ days | 17 (4.2%) |
Referred for advanced management | |
Dog referred | 24 (5.9%) |
Not referred | 385 (94.1%) |
Management methods first 3 months (multiple methods allowed per dog) | n = 361 |
Home blood glucose measurements | 45 (12.5%) |
Blood glucose curve practice | 234 (64.8%) |
Fructosamine | 135 (37.4%) |
Spot blood glucose | 247 (68.4%) |
Bloods (unspecified) | 110 (30.5%) |
Urinalysis | 160 (44.3%) |
Recommended diet change | 149 (41.3%) |
Otherc | 128 (35.5%) |