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Table 2 Descriptive and univariable logistic regression results

From: Diabetes mellitus in dogs attending UK primary-care practices: frequency, risk factors and survival

Variable

Case (%) n = 409

Control (%) n = 818

Odds Ratio

95% CIa

Category

P-value

Variable

P-value

Age Median (range)

10.00 (3.16–18.00)

7.12 (3.07–17.25)

   

< 0.001

Age at diagnosis

 3 to < 8 years

77 (18.8%)

464 (56.7%)

Base

  

< 0.001

 8 to < 10 years

124 (30.3%)

153 (18.7%)

4.88

3.48–6.85

< 0.001

 

 10 to < 13 years

165 (40.3%)

140 (17.1%)

7.10

5.11–9.88

< 0.001

 

  > 13 years

43 (10.5%)

61 (7.5%)

4.25

2.68–6.72

< 0.001

 

Sex

 

n = 817

   

0.732

 Female

200 (48.9%)

408 (49.9%)

Base

   

 Male

209 (51.1%)

409 (50.1%)

1.04

0.82–1.32

0.732

 

Neuter status

 

n = 817

   

0.001

 Entire

120 (29.3%)

322 (39.4%)

Base

   

 Neutered

289 (70.7%)

495 (60.6%)

1.57

1.21–2.02

0.001

 

Sex-neuter

 

n = 817

   

< 0.001

 Male-entire

49 (12.0%)

173 (21.2%)

Base

   

 Male-neutered

160 (39.1%)

236 (28.9%)

2.39

1.64–3.48

< 0.001

 

 Female-entire

78 (19.1%)

149 (18.2%)

1.85

1.22–2.81

0.004

 

 Female-neutered

122 (29.8%)

259 (31.7%)

1.66

1.13–2.44

0.009

 

Weight: PUREBRED ONLY

n = 253

n = 485

   

< 0.001

 Below breed mean

92 (36.4%)

246 (50.7%)

Base

   

 At or above breed mean

161 (63.6%)

239 (49.3%)

1.80

1.32–2.46

< 0.001

 

Purebred status

     

0.051

 Crossbred

92 (22.5%)

226 (27.7%)

Base

   

 Purebred

317 (77.5%)

591 (72.3%)

1.15

1.00–1.32

0.051

 

Breed ≥ 10 dogs and/or ≥ 5 case dogs

     

< 0.001

 Crossbred

88 (21.5%)

204 (24.9%)

Base

   

 Tibetan Terrier

9 (2.2%)

2 (0.2%)

10.43

2.21–49.27

0.003

 

 Border Terrier

21 (5.1%)

10 (1.2%)

4.87

2.20–10.76

< 0.001

 

 Cairn Terrier

5 (1.2%)

3 (0.4%)

3.86

0.90–16.52

0.068

 

 Miniature Schnauzer

10 (2.4%)

6 (0.7%)

3.86

1.36–10.96

0.011

 

 West Highland White Terrier

53 (13.0%)

32 (3.9%)

3.84

2.32–6.36

< 0.001

 

 Yorkshire Terrier

30 (7.3%)

23 (2.8%)

3.02

1.66–5.50

< 0.001

 

 Bichon Frise

11 (2.7%)

15 (1.8%)

1.70

0.75–3.85

0.203

 

 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

16 (3.9%)

22 (2.7%)

1.69

0.84–3.36

0.138

 

 Jack Russell Terrier

32 (7.8%)

51 (6.2%)

1.45

0.88–2.42

0.148

 

 Border Collie

13 (3.2%)

23 (2.8%)

1.31

0.63–2.70

0.465

 

 Cocker Spaniel

13 (3.2%)

26 (3.2%)

1.16

0.57–2.36

0.684

 

 Purebred (other)

71 (17.4%)

269 (32.9%)

0.90

0.61–1.33

0.597

 

 Labrador Retriever

25 (6.1%)

76 (9.3%)

0.76

0.45–1.28

0.304

 

 Lhasa Apso

4 (1.0%)

13 (1.6%)

0.71

0.23–2.25

0.564

 

 Staffordshire Bull Terrier

12 (2.9%)

56 (6.9%)

0.50

0.25–0.97

0.041

 

 Springer Spaniel – unspecified

2 (0.5%)

12 (1.5%)

0.39

0.08–1.76

0.219

 

 Golden Retriever

1 (0.2%)

9 (1.1%)

0.26

0.03–2.06

0.201

 

 Boxer

1 (0.2%)

11 (1.35)

0.21

0.03–1.66

0.139

 

 Shih-Tzu

2 (0.5%)

24 (2.9%)

0.19

0.04–0.84

0.028

 

 Chihuahua

1 (0.2%)

14 (1.7%)

0.17

0.02–1.28

0.085

 

 German Shepherd Dog

1 (0.2%)

14 (1.7%)

0.17

0.02–1.28

0.085

 

 English Springer Spaniel

0 (0.0%)

10 (1.2%)

.

.

.

 

 Pug

0 (0.0%)

10 (1.2%)

.

.

.

 

Co-morbidities/medication

 Glucocorticoids: Yes

34 (8.3%)

28 (3.4%)

2.56

1.53–4.28

< 0.001

< 0.001

  No

375 (91.7%)

790 (96.6%)

Base

   

 Obesity: Yes

67 (16.4%)

79 (9.7%)

1.83

1.29–2.60

0.001

0.001

  No

342 (83.6%)

739 (90.3%)

Base

   

 Hyperadrenocorticism: Yes

26 (6.4%)

2 (0.2%)

27.7

6.54–117.29

< 0.001

< 0.001

 No

383 (93.6%)

816 (99.8%)

Base

   

 Pancreatitis: Yes

46 (11.3%)

1 (0.1%)

103.53

14.22–753.62

< 0.001

< 0.001

  No

363 (88.8%)

817 (99.9%)

Base

   

Insurance status

 

n = 817

   

< 0.001

 Insured

133 (32.5%)

113 (13.8%)

3.00

2.25–4.00

< 0.001

 

 Not Insured

276 (67.5%)

704 (86.2%)

Base

   

Veterinary group

     

< 0.001

 A

3 (0.7%)

3 (0.4%)

0.82

0.16–4.10

0.805

 

 B

147 (35.9%)

244 (29.9%)

0.49

0.37–0.66

< 0.001

 

 C

55 (13.5%)

40 (4.9%)

1.12

0.71–1.77

0.621

 

 D

201 (49.1%)

164 (20.1%)

Base

   

 E

3 (0.7%)

366 (44.8%)

0.01

0.002–0.02

< 0.001

 
  1. Descriptive statistics and univariable logistic regression for variables associated with diabetes mellitus in dogs aged 3 years and older attending UK primary-care practices in 2016.
  2. a Confidence Interval