Table 6 Multivariable cox regression results

Age at diagnosis

 3 to < 8 years

Base

 8 to < 10 years

0.98

0.64–1.50

0.935

 10 to < 13 years

2.12

1.42–3.18

< 0.001

  > 13 years

2.02

1.17–3.49

0.011

Neuter status

  Entire

Base

  Neutered

0.56

0.42–0.78

< 0.001

Breed ≥ 5 dogs

 Cocker Spaniel

2.06

1.06–4.01

0.034

 Staffordshire Bull Terrier

1.85

0.86–3.97

0.116

 Border Terrier

1.19

0.68–2.10

0.543

 Labrador Retriever

1.08

0.62–1.89

0.786

 Purebred (other)

1.00

0.63–1.57

0.989

 Crossbred

Base

 Miniature Schnauzer

0.96

0.41–2.25

0.925

 Jack Russell Terrier

0.88

0.51–1.52

0.655

 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

0.86

0.40–1.84

0.690

 Tibetan Terrier

0.72

0.28–1.84

0.489

 Yorkshire Terrier

0.69

0.39–1.21

0.198

 West Highland White Terrier

0.69

0.44–1.08

0.103

 Cairn Terrier

0.56

0.13–2.37

0.432

 Bichon Frise

0.46

0.18–1.16

0.101

 Border Collie

0.39

0.17–0.87

0.022

BG level at diagnosis

  < 20 mmol/L

Base

 20 to < 30 mmol/L

0.96

0.55–1.70

0.913

 30 to < 40 mmol/L

1.52

0.88–2.65

0.137

  > 40 mmol/L

2.75

1.35–5.57

0.005

 No evidence/record of BG test

1.42

0.84–2.41

0.187

Insulin treatment

 Insulin treatment started

0.08

0.05–0.12

< 0.001

 No insulin treatment

Base

 Insulin treatment unknown

.

.

.

Glucocorticoid treatment 6 wks prior to diagnosis

 Yes

1.83

1.20–2.80

0.005

 No

Base

Veterinary group

 A

2.12

0.26–17.38

0.488

 B

0.75

0.56–1.02

0.063

 C

1.35

0.91–2.02

0.137

 D

Base

 E

1.64

0.39–6.99

0.501