Table 1 Clinical diagnosis of control group dogs

Golden Retriever

Anxiety attacks (2), Benign resting tremor (2), Degenerative spinal cord disorder (2), Foreign body-associated abscess in the masticatory muscle (2), Idiopathic facial and vestibular neuritis (2)

Border Collie

Immune-mediated CNS inflammatory disease (2), Myelodysplasia (2), Retro-bulbar/rostral mandibular abscess (2), Behavioural disorder (2)

Border Terrier

T12–13 high-velocity low volume disc (2), facial pain (2)

Boxer

Idiopathic facial nerve paralysis and peripheral vestibular syndrome (2), Pain response (2)

Cocker Spaniel

Idiopathic facial paralysis (2), Idiopathic facial nerve paralysis and peripheral vestibular syndrome (2), Idiopathic Horner’s (2), Idiopathic vestibular syndrome (2), Intermittent abnormal right thoracic limb proprioception (2), Episodic gait abnormality (2), Toxin exposure (2), Atlanto-axial subluxation (2), Behavioural disorder (3), Cerebellar disease (2)

German Shepherd Dog

Idiopathic Horner’s and congenital nasal dermoid sinus (2), Inflammatory polycranial neuropathy of infectious origin (2), Juvenile degenerative myelopathy (2), Lumbosacral disease (3), Metronidazole toxicity (2)

Labrador

Idiopathic head tremors (2), Idiopathic peripheral vestibular syndrome (2), Idiopathic trigeminal neuritis and Horner’s syndrome (2), Idiopathic trigeminal neuropathy (2), Idiopathic vestibular syndrome (2), Intermittent cerebellar ataxia (2), Optic neuritis (2), Metronidazole toxicity (2), Neuromuscular disease (2), Osteosarcoma spine and pelvic limb (2), Paroxysmal dyskinesia or movement disorder (2), Wobblers (2), Abnormal behaviour (2), Collapse/vestibular episodes (2), Extraocular myositis (2), Hypothyroidism (2)